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NSC 890 PICOT Assignment
Identified Problem: Obesity
Write 1 paragraph discussing state or national health priorities supporting the
problem’s significance (Examples: Healthy People 2030, health care initiatives and benchmarks, etc.)
The current obesity epidemic in the United States is a complex health crisis that takes several dimensions. This epidemic is caused primarily by factors such as physical inactivity, poor diets, and genetic predispositions, presenting with it a range of health problems, which are not only personal but also social (Panuganti et al., 2023). A 2018 C.D.C. report shows that up to 42% of U.S. citizens qualify as overweight (Purnell, 2023). The fact that the rate still rises steadily attracts attention not only at the national level but also at the state level, where each region faces its challenges and priorities when it comes to fighting its complicated health problems. Being overweight is a lot more than just a weight problem; it is a health problem that has numerous serious diseases related to it, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, stroke, and some cancer types as a whole. These comorbidities are significant risk factors directly associated with the morbidity and mortality of the obese (C.D.C., 2022). Additionally, the obesity healthcare costs are indescribably high since the government and private insurers pay billions of dollars every year to tackle obesity-related conditions and services. Therefore, a more comprehensive approach should be adopted—one that directly deals with the causes of obesity and that indirectly promotes healthy lifestyle changes.
References
CDC. (2022, July 20). Adult Obesity Facts. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/adult.html.
Panuganti KK, Nguyen M, Kshirsagar RK. Obesity. 2023 Aug 8. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan–. PMID: 29083734.
Purnell JQ. Definitions, Classification, and Epidemiology of Obesity. [Updated 2023 May 4]. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Blackman MR, et al., editors. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279167/.
Theoretical Framework – Identify a mid-range nursing theory or interprofessional theory that applies to the topic. Write 2 paragraphs discussing theory (1 paragraph discussing components of theory and 1 paragraph applying theory to the topic). Reference from theory must be from a primary source.
The Health Promotion Model (HPM) developed by Nola J. Pender is an excellent resource that provides deep insight along with the comprehensive framework for understanding and promoting the health behaviors that are key in disease prevention as well as wellness promotion. The HPM is based on the fact that the socioeconomic and behavioral determinants of health are multilevel and involve individual attributes and experiences, as well as interpersonal and environmental factors (Wilson, 2021). The model of self-efficacy presents the idea that efficacy itself is probably the most significant, referring to the way the individual thinks about their capability of doing a particular task with a positive outcome. HPM suggests that self-efficacy is a vital factor in health behavior change, which is then linked to motivation and the ability to adopt and sustain healthy behaviors.
While the Health Promotion Model can be used to develop obesity interventions in the outpatient clinic setting, healthcare providers are able to modify the strategy to address the differences in perspectives and requirements of the patients who are obese. Healthcare professionals may associate these healthy lifestyle behaviors with the personal benefits and barriers to patients and thus work with the patients to increase their self-efficacy and desire to change (Wilson, 2021). To illustrate, patients may run across challenges such as unhealthy food options, lack of social support for physical activities, or feelings of frustration due to their unsuccessful weight loss in the past. By removing these obstacles and enabling patients to overcome them, healthcare professionals can provide individuals with the support and tools that they need to build up their confidence and skills to make permanent changes to their food, physical activity, and weight management choices (Wilson, 2021). Moreover, the Health Promotion Model stresses the role played by interpersonal influences together with the individual’s social environment.
References
Wilson, J. C. (2021). Nola J. Pender: Health Promotion Model. Nursing Theorists and Their Work E-Book: Nursing Theorists and Their Work E-Book, p. 320.
PICOT Formatted Intervention Question
In adult patients diagnosed with obesity attending outpatient clinics (P), how does implementing health promotion strategies based on the Health Promotion Model (This is too vague. Address a specific intervention that will be used. (I) compared to standard care (C) affect reductions in body mass index (BMI), improvements in dietary habits, increases in physical activity levels, and enhancement of overall health and well-being(If you use all four outcomes in the statement, they must all be measured in the studies you use). It all has to match. (O) within a six-month timeframe (T)?
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